Process of making rivets or bolts



(No M0de1. -3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

E. SEARS. PROGESS'OF MAKING RIVETS 0R BOLTS.

Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

IMIIII'IHPEA A 9RD Q E L; a; w a;

IIIIIIIIIH mlnmml. Q IIIIIIIIIIIH WITNESSES: V INVENTOR mwazm V v 224%; Sim

%%% oz fi ATTORNEY.

ruins co, mum-1.1mm, .usmxsrau, u. c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) 4 E. SEARS.

PROGESSOF MAKING RIVETS 0R BOLTS.

No. 469,724; Patented Mar. 1, 1 892.

WITNESSES:

ummw

A T TOR/VE Y.

" 3 SheetsS heet 3.

(No Model!) E. SEARS.

PRUUESS OF MAKING RIVBT$ 0R BOLTS. N0. 469,724.

Patented Mar. 1,-1892.

l/Vl/ENTOI? WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWVIN SEARS, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK.

PROCESS OF MAKING RIVETS OR BOLTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,724, dated March 1, 1892.

Application filed February 12, 1891. Serial No. 381,217. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, EDWIN SEARS, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rivet-Formin g Machines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and accurate description.

My invention relates especially to the class of machines in which two dies lying in parallel planes, usually horizontal, adjacent to each other, one of which dies is fixed and the other movable, are combined with a mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion to the movable die, so that if a plain cylindrical bar is introduced between said dies it is exposed to pressure and receives a rolling motion by the action of the movable die for bringing it into the required shape.

My invention consists of a certain novel shape of the dies for producing the desired article, a knife on one of the dies (usually the movable one) for separating the parts of a double rivet or other article formed on a single bar in p the operation of the dies; also, cutters at one side of the dies, respectively fixed and movable, and a mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion to the movable cutter for separating from a continuous bar a piece of suitable length to form the rivet or other blank; also, a gage opposite to said outters for determining the length of said blank,

and a guide on the movable cutter for receiving and conducting the blank to the required point for its reception between the dies, the whole being hereinafter more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I represents a side View of a rivet-forming machine embodying my invention. Fig. II rep: resents a plan or top view thereof. Fig. III represents a vertical longitudinal section of a portion thereof, looking in an opposite di rection to Fig.1 and on a larger scale than in said figure. Fig. IV represents a vertical cross-section thereof on the line a; on, Fig. III, with dies for making a double rivet. Fig. V represents a like section thereof on the line y y, Fig. III, omitting the dies. Fig. VI represents an end view of dies for making a sin- "le rivet. Fi VII re resents a side view of s c: P

plate and being usually secured by a setscrew B The movable die (marked 0) is fitted in grooves O of a carriage C consisting of aplate, which rests on the machine-bed and engages at its opposite sides with longitudinal guideways O of the bed-rails and to which is connected a pitman C hereinafter 'referredto, for imparting thereto and its die a reciprocating motion in said ways.

The two dies B 0 face each other, they being on the lower and upper surfaces of the stock A and carriage 0 respectively, and the parts are so disposed as to bring said dies in parallel horizontal planes adjacent to each other.-

Each of the dies B O is a counterpart of the other as to its face and is shaped to corre spond in cross-section with the axial or longitudinal outline of the article to be formed on the machineas, for example, when it is desired to produce a double rivet like that shown at the left hand of Fig. VII. Both dies are provided with two longitudinal grooves separated by a central ridge, as at 0, Fig. IV, the apex of which ridge may rise slightly beyond the die-faces, and when it is desired to produce a single rivet like that shown at the right hand of Fig. VII both dies are provided with a single angular groove, as at 0', Fig. VI, the effect of said two grooves being to form a double head and of the single groove to form a single head to the rivet. Each of the dies B O is also provided with a longitudinal flange 0 at both sides of its face, either or both of which flanges are partly cut away on the lower die, forming openings 0 Figs. IX and X, the location of these openings being usually at about the mid-length of the proper side. Said two flanges 0 of either die are approximatelyin contact with those of the other,

and the purpose thereof is to prevent escape of the blank bar from between the dies toward the sides of the machine, also determining thelength of the article-former of the machine, While the purpose of the opening is to permit escape of any surplus metal in the bar over and above the quantity necessary to complete the desired article, thereby obviating a binding of the article in the process of its formation by the dies.

The letter D indicates a knif e consisting of a blade, which is arranged in a longitudinal position on the movable dieC for the purpose of cutting and thereby separating the parts of an article (as of the double rivet) that may be formed on the machine, the action of said gnife being performed in the operation of the res.

The knife D is used chiefly when the machine is designed for making a double rivet, and to that end it should be in the central line of the proper die, as at the apex of the ridge 0, as shown in Fig. IV, thereby cutting the rivet at the middle of the double head before mentioned.

In the example shown in Figs. III and IV the knife D is fixed to its die and is provided with an inclined cutting-edge, while in the example shown in Fig. VIII said knife is made 0 circular and is mounted on a shaft D of the movable die, on which shaft is also mounted a pinion D engagingwith a rack D whence the knife receives a rotary motion as it travels to and fro with the die.

The letters E F respectively indicate a fixed and a movable cutter forming a shears at one side of the dies on the machine, G a gage at the other side of the dies opposite said cutter, and I a guide on said movable 4o cutter, each of these parts being above the movable die. The fixed cutter E is fitted in a groove of an anvil E, which is mounted on one of the bed-rails A and the movable cutter F is fitted in a groove of a lever F, which 5 is fulcrumed in a pivot F on said bed-rail to move in a vertical plane, so that a bar of metal presented to said cutter from a horizontal direction may thereby be divided into pieces of desired length. The gage G has a vertical and a horizontal arm and is secured by its horizontal arm to one of the bed-rails A through the medium of a set-screw G, passing through a slot G Fig. II, whereby said gage is rendered adjustable in relation to the cutters E F,said vertical arm of. the gage projecting upward to a point above the meeting line of the cutters and into the path of the bar inserted between the latter. The guide I is of a bifurcated shape, and it is secured to the lever F, carrying the movable cutter F, with its branches projecting in a downward direction therefrom, so that the bar inserted between the cutters is received in said guide between its said branches.

Referring to Figs. I and'II, the letter J indicates a crank appendant to the pitman C, connected with the movable die, on the shaft J of which crank is mounted a cam J engaging with the cutter-lever F, said shaft being also geared with driving-shaft N by cogwheels N N in such a manner that a motion of the driving-shaft is transmitted to the crank-shaft, while the latter operates to impart the required motion to the movable die and said cutter-1ever.

When the machine is applied to use, a bar. of metal properly heated is introduced between the cutters E F and advanced until the leading end of the bar comes in contact with the gage G, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. V. Said cutters are then permitted to act on the bar, when the blank thereby cut drops through the guide I upon the movable die C, the latter being at this stage of the op-. eration in a rear position and withdrawn from under the fixed 'die. The movable die now travels outward, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. III, carrying with it the blank, and the lat- A ter is received between the dies, with the effect of bringing itinto theshape thereof, due to the pressure exerted simultaneously with the rolling motion imparted to the blank by the movable die. On selecting the bar from which to cut the blank reference should be had to the quantity of metal needed for producing the desired article, the operator gaging the diameter of the bar accordingly.

In order to facilitate the passage of the blank between the dies 0 D, either or both dies may be beveled at one or both ends, as at s s, Fig. III, and to facilitate the removal of scales or other like matter from the lower die either or both of the bed-rails A may be provided with an opening A at the delivery end of the machine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and movable die in parallel planes adjacent to each other, each having the longitudinal groove or grooves and side flanges, and a mechanism connected with the movable die for imparting thereto a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and movable die in parallel planes adjacent to each other, each having the longitudinal groove or grooves and side flanges and one having an opening in either or both of its said flanges, and a mechanism connected with the movable die forimparting thereto a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in parallel planes adjacent to each other, a knife arranged longitudinally on one of said dies, and a mechanism connected with the movable die for imparting thereto a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes de scribed.

4. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in parallel planes adjacent to each other, a knife arranged longitudinally on the movable die, and a mechanism connectedwith the movable die for imparting thereto a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in horizontal planes adjacent to each other, a fixed and a movable cutter at oneside of said dies, and a mechanism connected with the movable die and the movable cutter for imparting to each a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in horizontal planes adjacent to each other, a fixed and a movable cutter at one side of said dies, a gage at the other side of said dies opposite the cutter, and'a mechanism connected with the movable die and the movable cutter for imparting to each a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

'7. In a rivet=forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in horizontal planes adjacent to each other, a fixed and a movable cutter at one side of said dies, a lever carrying the movable cutter, a bifur-' cated guide on said lever, and a mechanism connected with the movable die and said cutter-lever for imparting to each a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. In a rivet-forming machine, the combination of a fixed and a movable die in horizontal planes adjacent to each other, a fixed and a movable cutter at one side of said dies, a gage at the other side of said dies opposite the cutters, a lever carrying the movable cutter, and a mechanism connected with the movable die and said cutter-lever for imparting to each a reciprocating motion, substantially as and for the purposes described.

EDWIN SEARS. lVitnesses:

A. S. G. WATSON, BENJ. F. CLARKE. 

